Friday, December 13, 2019
Nature vs. Nurture Controversy Free Essays
The nature versus nurture debate concerns the relative importance of an individualââ¬â¢s innate qualities (ââ¬Å"nature,â⬠i. e. nativism, or innatism) versus personal experiences (ââ¬Å"nurture,â⬠i. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs. Nurture Controversy or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. empiricism or behaviorism) in determining or causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. The phrase ââ¬Å"Nature versus nurtureâ⬠in its modern sense was coined[1][2][3] by the English Victorian polymath Francis Galton in discussion of the influence of heredity and environment on social advancement, although the terms had been contrasted previously, for example by Shakespeare (in his play, The Tempest: 4. ). Galton was influenced[4] by the book On the Origin of Species written by his cousin, Charles Darwin. The concept embodied in the phrase has been criticized[3][4] for its binary simplification of two tightly interwoven parameters, as for example an environment of wealth, education and social privilege are often historically passed to genetic offspring. The difference being that wealth, education and social privilege are not part of the human biological system, and so cannot be directly attributed to genetics. The view that humans acquire all or almost all their behavioral traits from ââ¬Å"nurtureâ⬠was termed tabula rasa (ââ¬Å"blank slateâ⬠) by philosopher John Locke, and proposes that humans develop from only environmental influences. This question was once considered to be an appropriate division of developmental influences, but since both types of factors are known to play such interacting roles in development, most modern psychologists and anthropologists consider the question naiveââ¬ârepresenting an outdated state of knowledge. 5][6][7][8] In the social and political sciences, the nature versus nurture debate may be contrasted with the structure versus agency debate (i. e. socialization versus individual autonomy). For a discussion of nature versus nurture in language and other human universals, see also psychological nativism. How to cite Nature vs. Nurture Controversy, Essay examples
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